CANBERRA, Australia (AP) ? Officials say 22 people have been rescued from a boat overloaded with about 150 asylum seekers that sank off Indonesia, and more survivors have been spotted.
The boat sank Wednesday on its way from the main Indonesian island of Java to Australia. A merchant ship rescued six Afghan men early Thursday.
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority said in a statement that an Australian navy patrol boat has retrieved another 16 survivors. An aircraft crew spotted more survivors in the water.
Another three merchant vessels had joined the search.
It is important to consult a criminal defense lawyer if you have been charged with assault and battery, as these types of federal charges can have serious legal consequences. It is also crucial to educate yourself on the different degrees of assault and battery in order to ensure you?re getting the best legal representation for your case. Check out this overview for more information on the different degrees of assault and battery.
Assault and Battery Assault is defined as the intentional unlawful threat to cause bodily harm to another individual by force. Battery, on the other hand, is the willful or intentional touching of a person against his or her will but does not necessarily result in physical harm.
Assault with a Deadly Weapon Assault with a deadly weapon is considered a felony charge and can carry serious jail time. This type of assault occurs when an individual with malicious intent points a gun or other dangerous weapon at another person. An individual may be charged with assault with a deadly weapon regardless of whether the gun was loaded or whether he or she actually had the intention of using the weapon.
Sexual Assault and Battery While the laws will vary from state to state, sexual assault and battery occurs when an individual subjects another to sexual touching or sexual advances that are unwanted or offensive. This may include a variety of crimes, from sexual groping to attempted rape.????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Domestic Assault and Battery Domestic violence generally covers both assault and battery involving family members and other individuals who resides in the same household as the victim, including assault with a deadly weapon, sexual assault, false imprisonment, or kidnapping.
At the Law Offices of David S. Shrager, our criminal and DUI defense lawyers utilize a team approach and strong legal strategy to protect your individual rights. Get the defense you need for violent crimes, assault and battery, and DUI charges by contacting us at (412) 567-5833. You can also set up an appointment with our sex crime defense attorneys by visiting us online.
Disclaimer: The materials available at this website are for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of providing legal advice. You should contact your attorney to obtain advice with respect to any particular issue or problem. Use and access to this website or any of the links contained within the site do not create an attorney-client relationship. The opinions expressed at or through this site are the opinions of the individual author and may not reflect the opinions of the firm or any individual attorney.
TAMPA, Florida (Reuters) - Republicans launched a sharp assault on President Barack Obama's economic record on the first full day of their convention on Tuesday and praised Mitt Romney as a leader who could rein in big government and kick-start a stagnant economy.
After a storm threat delayed the convention one day, Republicans formally nominated Romney and his running mate, Paul Ryan, to challenge Obama for the White House in a November 6 election that polls show is tight.
Republicans repeatedly accused Obama of being hostile to small business owners, burying them under high taxes and excessive regulations that stunted job growth. His signature healthcare overhaul, they said, was big government run amok.
"It's time to end this era of absentee leadership in the Oval Office and send real leaders to the White House. America needs Mitt Romney and Paul Ryan and we need them right now," said Chris Christie, the combative New Jersey governor who delivered the convention's keynote address.
"Mitt Romney will tell us the hard truths we need to hear to put us back on the path to growth and create good-paying private sector jobs again in America," he said.
Republicans are using the convention to make the case for booting Obama from office while presenting a softer side of Romney, who has struggled to overcome a "likability gap" with the president and refute critics who paint him as a job-killing, out-of-touch former private equity executive.
Obama, campaigning in Iowa and Colorado, dismissed the Republican attacks and told students at Iowa State University that the agenda his political foes were rolling out in Tampa made for a "pretty entertaining show."
He also accused Republicans of stretching the truth in a multi-million-dollar ad effort to get him out of the White House.
"They'll just make stuff up if they have to. They're doing it already," he said at an event in Fort Collins, Colorado. "Sometimes -- how do I put this nicely? -- they will just fib."
Polls show Romney trails Obama badly with women, and the convention featured a series of women speakers capped by Romney's wife, Ann. She said her husband had attacked every challenge - from reviving the struggling Salt Lake City Olympics to helping her battle multiple sclerosis and breast cancer.
"At every turn in his life, this man I met at a high school dance has helped lift up others," Ann Romney told the convention. At one point she shouted to fans: "I love you, women."
"This is the man who will wake up every day with the determination to solve the problems that others say can't be solved, to fix what others say is beyond repair," she said in a speech timed to air during the one hour of prime-time coverage by U.S. television networks.
The former Massachusetts governor, who flew to Tampa earlier in the day, came onstage and gave his wife a kiss after her speech, getting a rousing reception from delegates.
But even as Republicans tried to show a united front against Obama, it was clear the bitter party divisions evident in the long and bruising presidential primary battle have not been resolved.
'DISENFRANCHISED'
Supporters of libertarian congressman Ron Paul of Texas and other conservative activists briefly disrupted the opening session, booing a decision to unseat Paul delegates from Maine and institute rules changes they believe will weaken their power in the next election cycle.
The rules changes, approved by the convention on a voice vote, will bind delegates to the results of a statewide vote and reduce the role of smaller state-level conventions where Paul had success.
Opponents of the move said Romney's operatives and the party's establishment were trying to freeze them out. Some noted that during the state-by-state roll call of delegates to count votes for the nomination, only Romney's vote totals were announced from the podium.
"We were disenfranchised by our party. We won't participate with this chaos," said Russell Montgomery, 52, of St. George, Maine. "We won't legitimize this fiasco. This is as bad as the other party - the corruption."
Former U.S. Senator Rick Santorum, Romney's chief rival in the primaries and a favorite of social conservatives who have had trouble warming to the former Massachusetts governor, addressed the convention but mentioned Romney by name only three times.
"Under President Obama, the dream of freedom and opportunity has become a nightmare of dependency with almost half of America receiving some government benefit," Santorum said.
Republicans painted Obama as a force for expanding government and said his policies had failed to bring down high unemployment or control budget deficits and federal debt.
The theme for the night, "We Built It," was a reference to Obama's "you didn't build that" comment in July that Republicans have used as an attack line against him. The comment referred to the government help that business owners receive.
"We can do better. We can do a lot better. It starts with throwing out the politician who doesn't get it, and electing a new president who does," House of Representatives Speaker John Boehner said.
Republicans hope the convention will not be overshadowed by Hurricane Isaac, which hit the Louisiana coast not far from New Orleans on Tuesday night, just before the seventh anniversary of Hurricane Katrina's deadly strike on the city. They also worry about being seen celebrating Romney's nomination while swathes of the Gulf Coast are under storm threat.
While Tampa was spared the brunt of Isaac, a destructive landfall in Louisiana could create uncomfortable split-screen television images of the convention juxtaposed with the hurricane.
The Republicans used the first night to highlight some of their rising stars. Christie's speech was highly anticipated, offering plenty of lessons he learned as a Republican governor in Democratic New Jersey who has become known for his in-your-face style.
"I know this simple truth and I'm not afraid to say it: our ideas are right for America and their ideas have failed America," Christie said. "We win when we make it about what needs to be done; we lose when we play along with their game of scaring and dividing."
Artur Davis, a black former Democratic congressman from Alabama who switched to a Republican, said he had been fooled by Obama's promises in 2008.
"But dreams meet daybreak: the jobless know what I mean, so do the families who wonder how this administration could wreck a recovery for three years and counting," Davis said.
The Republican gathering culminates with Romney's nationally televised acceptance speech on Thursday, the biggest speaking engagement of his political life. Vice presidential contender Ryan, a Wisconsin congressman, tops the bill of speakers on Wednesday.
(Additional reporting by Steve Holland, Andy Sullivan, Sam Youngman and Sam Jacobs; Editing by Alistair Bell and Jim Loney)
When beginning a home business, the space often starts as a spare room that is converted from a bedroom into a house office. It may be a bed room, a storeroom, a sunroom or a research. 1 way to get started is to have expert contractors paint the room. The house owner should have at least a vague idea of what they want to do prior to bringing in the home painters for an estimate. The designer can assist with ideas of which colors and paint types will best fit the room and its purpose.
Fresh Start While it is just as easy to begin working in a new home workplace as soon as the child furnishings and tv set are eliminated, it is more sensible to give the space a fresh new appear. At some point, customers and visitors will see the space. If it looks like it used to be the babys nursery, people will take the business and its staff much less critically. Instead, the space ought to be stripped of all furnishings and cleaned. Once it is determined what will occur to the flooring, paint choices can be made. A new look in the new office will give it a much more expert look. This will also make the entrepreneur really feel much more expert, creating it simpler to flip off the at-work persona much more effortlessly at the end of the workday.
Colours Choosing a new appear for the house workplace is a little bit different than selecting colors for a bed room or living space. It will still have a individual contact, but the business office should appear expert. This is best carried out utilizing neutral colors, rather than the vibrant accent partitions that are often used in house decor. The vibrant colours can be utilized as trim on the doorways and windows. A easy accent wall may be a darker shade than the rest of the space.
Flooring A primary aspect in the outcome of the company offices look is the flooring. When the flooring is changed, the colors ought to be coordinated with the new paint. A thoroughly clean, fresh flooring is as essential as the relaxation of the facelift to the relaxation of the room. A put on floor ought to be changed, revitalized or coated with carpeting or region rugs. Furniture should coordinate with the partitions and flooring. When existing flooring is utilized, try to coordinate the current colors with the new paint colors.
Professional Getting a thoroughly clean, professional paint occupation is as important as transforming the space in the first place. Painting contractors will select the right kind of paint for the surface and environment. They will also cautiously trim the room without smudges and splatters. It can be carried out rapidly and professionally for the correct effect whilst the entrepreneur is using care of the other details, like discovering customers.
For more on Flooring in Surrey and Carpet Farnham please see our website
NEW ORLEANS (Reuters) - Hurricane Isaac made landfall in southern Louisiana on Tuesday, bringing high winds, soaking rains and storm surges that will pose the first major test for New Orleans' multibillion-dollar flood protections put in place after Katrina devastated the U.S. Gulf Coast seven years ago.
Isaac's storm surge poses a major test of the so-called Crescent City's new flood-control systems and reinforced levees that failed in 2005, leaving parts of the city underwater. Forecasts from the U.S. National Hurricane Center showed the storm coming ashore in the Mississippi Delta late on Tuesday, possibly taking direct aim at New Orleans.
"Many parts of the state could see 24 to 38 hours of tropical storm-force winds," Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal told a news conference earlier. "We're going to see a lot of downed trees and power lines," he said. "We need people to stay safe."
Storm surge flooding is already occurring in coastal areas of southeastern Louisiana, the National Hurricane Center said in an advisory.
Earlier, the Army Corps of Engineers closed for the first time the massive new floodgate on the largest storm-surge barrier in the world, at Lake Borgne, east of New Orleans.
In other preparations, oil production in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico nearly ground to a halt, and ports and coastal refineries curtailed operations as Isaac approached.
At 6 p.m. CDT (2300 GMT), the Hurricane Center said Isaac was centered about 95 miles southeast of New Orleans with top sustained winds of 80 miles per hour.
The storm was traveling at a relatively slow 8 mph. That pace is a concern for people in its path since slow-moving cyclones can bring higher rainfall totals.
Isaac was about 370 miles wide. Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 60 miles from the center of the storm.
Heavy rains and big storm surges were also forecast for parts of Mississippi, Alabama and the Florida Panhandle.
After Katrina, the Corps of Engineers built a $14.5 billion flood defense system of walls, floodgates, levees and pumps designed to protect the city against a massive tidal surge like the one that swamped New Orleans in Katrina's wake.
Isaac had New Orleans in its sights as the city is still recovering from Katrina, which swept across it on August 29, 2005, killing more than 1,800 people and causing billions of dollars of damage.
(Additional reporting by Tom Brown, Jane Sutton, David Adams and Kevin Gray in Miami, Ben Gruber and Kathy Finn in New Orleans, Emily Le Coz in Tupelo, Mississippi, Kristen Hays, Erwin Seba and Chris Baltimore in Houston and Verna Gates in Alabama; Writing by Tom Brown and Anna Driver; Editing by Bill Trott, Eric Beech and Cynthia Osterman)
ScienceDaily (Aug. 27, 2012) ? Consuming energy drinks can exert acute positive benefits on myocardial performance, according to research presented August 27 at the ESC Congress by Dr Matteo Cameli from University of Siena."In recent years the energy drink market has exploded, with more people than ever before turning to these products as quick 'pick me ups', whether to stay awake during all night study vigils or gain the edge in sport," said Dr Cameli.
"With energy drinks containing both caffeine and taurine concerns have been raised of adverse effects on the heart. While caffeine increases blood pressure, studies suggest that taurine may stimulate the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum."
In the current study the researchers used speckle-tracking echocardiography, the avant-garde technique in echocardiography, and echo Doppler analysis to explore the influence of energy drinks on heart function.
For the study 35 healthy subjects (mean age 25 years), drank a body surface area indexed amount of an energy drink (168 ml/m2) containing caffeine and taurine.
Assessments of heart rate, blood pressure, left ventricular function and right ventricular function were undertaken at baseline and one hour after consumption.
The graph above shows the relative changes from baseline in heart rate, blood pressure and left and right ventricular parameters one hour after consuming the energy drink. Heart rate increased by 1.2% (p=ns [not significant]), systolic blood pressure increased by 2.6% (p=ns) and diastolic blood pressure increased by 6% (p=0.02). Dr Cameli said: "This confirms that a standard energy drink consumption induces a light increase in diastolic blood pressure."
Left ventricular function improved in comparison to baseline. Ejection fraction increased by 5% (p=0.01), mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) (which evaluates longitudinal ventricular function) increased by 11% (p<0.001), global longitudinal strain increased by 10% (p=0.004), and torsion (left ventricular twisting) increased by 22% (p<0.0001).
Right ventricular function was also improved one hour after consuming energy drinks. Right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC) increased by 2% (p=0.09), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) increased by 15% (p<0.0001), and global and free wall right ventricular longitudinal strain (RVLS), (a measurement of longitudinal strain of the right ventricle), increased by 8% (p=0.001) and 5% (p=0.1) respectively.
"Taken together these results show that energy drinks enhance contractions of both the left and right ventricles, thereby delivering a positive effect on myocardial function," said Dr Cameli. "This could be explained by the inotropic effect of taurine that, as previously demonstrated, stimulates the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum."
He continued: "Our study was performed in young healthy individuals at rest. Future studies need to focus on whether such benefits persist after long term consumption of energy drinks, and what the effects are of consuming these drinks during physical activity. It will also be important to determine which of the effects are induced in patients with cardiac disease to further our understanding of the potential benefits or risks of energy drink consumption."
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The older you get the higher your chances are of acquiring vision issues of all types. Though vision problems can occur at any age there is an increasing growth in vision problems among adults over the age of 30. The downside to this problem is the fact that most people that begin experiencing vision issues later in life believe that they are just part of growing old and don?t take them seriously. They put off visiting an optometrist and end up causing more damage to their vision than necessary. However, had these people visited a vision clinic when they first began experiencing such issues they could have most likely been prevented altogether.
You should never ignore problems with your vision. The moment you begin experiencing any type of vision related problem you should immediately schedule an appointment with a professional eye doctor. The faster that you act the better your chances are of correcting the issue or stopping an issue from becoming life changing. Don?t put it off! Act fast and you could literally prolong your quality of life.
When seeking out the services of a professional optometrist to visit to acquire eyeglasses or an eye exam you are going to most likely be concerned with cost. If you don?t have vision insurance you will of course want to only consider those doctors that offer free eye exams or that work with individuals or families on budgets. If you do have vision insurance you will want to be certain that any eye doctor that you choose to visit to acquire eyeglasses from accepts your coverage.
Just don?t be fooled into believing that you can?t afford to visit a vision center when experiencing vision problems. There are numerous options available to those individuals that have limited budgets and that don?t have insurance. You just have to take your time and carefully consider your options and put in a little researchinto finding these service providers. The problem at this point is that most people don?t have the patience or skills needed in order to carefully and effectively determine which vision centers in their area will best meet their needs. That is why many consumers end up giving up or feel completely overwhelmed and end up making decisions that are not well-informed.
To assist with this problem a trained professional in the vision field established a free to use online resource known as EyeDrPrices. The mission of this website is to assist individuals in determining which eye doctor in their area is the best for them and their financial needs.
You can easily search for eye doctors in your area using this resource. You will then be presented with your options and the prices that they charge for their services. This will cut down your research time and will quickly assist you in determining which doctor is the very best for you and your tight budget.
You can also find consumer reviews when making use of EyeDrPrices. This will assist you in determining which eye doctors in your area have the best reputation.
Do you want to find an affordable Optometrist to acquire Eyeglasses from? You can easily do this with the help of EyeDrPrices.
ScienceDaily (Aug. 28, 2012) ? There are more than 400,000 species of beetles and only two species of the tuatara, a reptile cousin of snakes and lizards that lives in New Zealand. Crocodiles and alligators, while nearly 250 million years old, have diversified into only 23 species. Why evolution has produced "winners" -- including mammals and many species of birds and fish -- and "losers" is a major question in evolutionary biology.
Scientists have often posited that because some animal and plant lineages are much older than others, they have had more time to produce new species (the dearth of crocodiles notwithstanding). This idea -- that time is an important predictor of species number -- underlies many theoretical models used by biologists. However, it fails to explain species numbers across all multi-cellular life on the planet, a team of life scientists reports Aug. 28 in the online journal PLoS Biology, a publication of the Public Library of Science.
"We found no evidence of that," said Michael Alfaro, a UCLA associate professor of ecology and evolutionary biology and senior author of the new study. "When we look across the tree of life, the age of the group tells us almost nothing about how many species we would expect to find. In most groups, it tells us nothing."
Another idea, that some groups are innately better or worse at producing species, similarly fails to explain differences in species number among all of the major living lineages of plants and animals, the life scientists found.
"We know that some groups, like flowering plants or cichlid fishes, have been exceptionally good at producing species during certain periods of their evolutionary history," Alfaro said. "However, when we look at the ages of all of the major groups of plants and animals, these differences in speciation rate are not sufficient to explain the differences in species number that exist in extant groups."
Alfaro and his colleagues studied 1,397 major groups of multi-cellular eukaryotes -- including animals, plants and fungi -- that account for 1.2 million species. Working as "evolutionary detectives," they were able to see whether the groups that split the earliest tended to have the most species. They assigned a "species richness score" to these 1,397 groups, using novel statistical and computational methods they developed.
If age does not explain species diversity, an alternative idea is that a lineage will produce species up until the point that it fills an "adaptive zone" that allows a maximum number of species, Alfaro said. In other words, a lineage of bats, whales or penguins has a maximum capacity that is determined by habitat requirements and competitors.
When an adaptive zone is first colonized, the growth of new species will be rapid, up until that limit has been reached. Once a zone is full, this speciation rate will level off. New species will not emerge until one of two events occurs: First, an existing species may go extinct, in which case it may be replaced. Second, a species within the adaptive zone may evolve a new trait -- sharp teeth, wings, chemical defenses or camouflage, for example -- that confers a significant ecological advantage and takes it into a new adaptive zone, creating opportunities for new species to emerge,Alfaro said.
"Adaptive zones are an old idea in evolutionary biology, but there is little understanding of whether speciation rates or adaptive zones are more important in explaining species richness across the tree of life," Alfaro said. "If adaptive zones control biodiversity at the broadest scales, then the rate of species growth will be a good explanation of species richness only right after a lineage has entered into a new adaptive zone. Once the adaptive zone has filled up, then, no matter how much time goes by, the number of species will not change much."
Thus, these adaptive zones, which Alfaro also calls "ecological limits," serve to restrict the number of new species that can emerge.
"Most of the groups that we studied have hit their limits," he said. "Ecological limits can explain the data we see. What's really driving things is how many times lineages evolve new innovations that move them into new adaptive zones.
"The ultimate goal in our field is to have a reconstruction of the entire evolutionary history of all species on the planet," Alfaro added. "Here we provide a piece of the puzzle. Our study sheds light on the causal factors of biodiversity across the tree of life."
Daniel Rabosky, an assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor is the lead author of the study, and Graham Slater, a National Science Foundation-funded UCLA postdoctoral scholar in ecology and evolutionary biology, is a co-author.
The research is funded by the National Science Foundation and by the University of California's Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science.
In a 2009 study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Alfaro and his colleagues reported that mammals and many species of birds and fish are among evolution's "winners," while crocodiles, alligators and a reptile cousin of snakes and lizards known as the tuatara are among the "losers." That study also showed that new species emerge nearly as often as they die off.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - Los Angeles. The original article was written by Stuart Wolpert.
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Journal Reference:
Daniel L. Rabosky, Graham J. Slater, Michael E. Alfaro. Clade Age and Species Richness Are Decoupled Across the Eukaryotic Tree of Life. PLoS Biology, 2012; 10 (8): e1001381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001381
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In an article published in Monday?s New York Times and available now online, I wrote about a lawsuit that challenges the constitutionality of the nation?s new patent law, the America Invents Act.
Opponents of the law say it would hurt small inventors and American innovation. Supporters of the legislation, which passed by large majorities in both the House and the Senate, say the constitutional critique is misguided. They also assert that the fears of small inventors are greatly exaggerated, and that the new law will streamline the patent system and thus invigorate the nation?s innovation ecosystem as a whole.
Reasonable people ? and others ? can disagree. But a research paper scheduled for publication in the current volume of the Stanford Law Review takes a look at a similar law change in Canada in 1989 and analyzes the impact.
The research, by David S. Abrams, an economist at the University of Pennsylvania Law School, and R. Polk Wagner, a professor at the law school, concludes that patents awarded to individual inventors dropped by 15 percent after the legislative change in Canada.
?Our findings,? the authors write, ?do not augur well for small inventors in the United States.?
Under the new law, the United States, beginning in March of next year, would move from a first-to-invent system to first-to-file. Opponents of the law say the switch would favor large corporations, whose big legal staffs will likely win the paper chase to the patent office.
The American law is not a mirror image of the Canadian legislation. But the authors say they tried to factor those differences out, as well as economic cycles. In the years after 1989, through 1993, the share of Canadian patents granted to small inventors fell from 10.7 percent of all patents to 7.8 percent. In the United States, the comparable share slipped slightly from 17.4 percent to 16.5 percent.
America?s current patent system, according to Adam Mossoff, a professor at George Mason University School of Law, is intentionally biased toward small upstarts, the ?new innovators that disrupt and destroy existing companies and industries.?
There is debate among economists about the role of small inventors and companies in innovation and job growth. The drift of research is that a tiny percentage of fast-growing small companies that quickly become bigger companies ? sometimes called ?gazelles? ? account for most of the job generation and disruptive innovation.
The paper by the University of Pennsylvania professors has a provocative headline, ?Poisoning the Next Apple? How the America Invents Act Harms Inventors.? They write that the new law ?will surely simplify and streamline the patent system ? but at a cost.?
But the economic question is whether it will be a ?net? cost. Laws and regulations always have costs, but they can also bring benefits. The professors? research does not reach a conclusion on whether the new patent law will help or harm innovation in the economy over all.
?The bottom-line question is whether this will be good or bad for the nation,? Mr. Abrams said in an interview. ?I don?t think the answer is clear on that score.?
Athletic field paint steals spotlight from the grass it coversPublic release date: 27-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Madeline Fisher mfisher@sciencesocieties.org 608-268-3973 American Society of Agronomy
Study investigates the health effects field paints have on the turfgrass they cover
Aug. 27, 2012 Professional athletic field managers maintain trimmed turfgrass with great precision, carefully painting crisp lines and colorful logos on their grass before each game. While these fields appear to be in perfect health, some field managers have noted deteriorating turfgrass beneath repeated paint applications.
New research now suggests why. In a study that appears in the September-October issue of Crop Science, three North Carolina State University researchers found that grasses coated with latex paints show a notable reduction in photosynthesis.
In their study, which was funded by the Center for Turfgrass Research and Environmental Education at NC State University, the researchers prepared 60 pots with sand and peat substrate before seeding each with perennial ryegrass, a grass commonly used on professional football and baseball fields including most NFL and MLB fields. After the grass matured, two different dilutions (no-dilution, and 1:1 dilution with water) of red and white latex paints were applied to the turf samples weekly for six weeks.
To recognize how paint affects turfgrass health, it's important to first understand how paint itself functions. Latex paints consist of four different components: resins, solvents, additives, and pigments. Each has a unique role in the painting process.
Resins act like an adhesive, allowing paint to stick to surfaces. Solvents dilute the paint and help ensure a consistent application thickness. Additives help distribute the pigments, the fourth component, into the liquid paint. Of these ingredients, the scientists say pigments pose the biggest threat to turfgrass.
Pigments are used in paint to ensure a surface is completely coated, and give paint its color by absorbing specific wavelengths of light while reflecting others. This wavelength-selective absorption allows for the wide variety of paint colors that exist today.
However, the NC State researchers suspected the coating of pigment on turfgrass was also damaging the grass by shielding it from the sun and reducing photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). PAR consists of wavelengths of light in the 400 to 700 nm range that plants use in photosynthesis.
The researchers looked at the reflection, transmission, and absorption of PAR in the four different paints, determining that red paint absorbs the highest amounts of PAR. By observing the carbon exchange rates in the painted turfgrass samples, the team also found red paint was more damaging to total canopy photosynthesis (TCP) than white paint, although diluting each color with water reduces their negative effects.
Results from this study further suggest that white paint reflects more PAR in the turfgrass canopy, allowing it to be absorbed by plants for photosynthesis. Over the course of the six-week study, diluted white paint reduced TCP by only 19%. However, the absorption of PAR by red paint eliminates the benefits of PAR reflection by the white and reduces TCP more drastically, the effects worsening as paint applications increase. The no-dilution red paint produced a 75% reduction in TCP by the final application.
The results from this study confirmed pigment's crucial role in the availability of PAR for plant use underneath latex paint. But more research is needed to fully explore the impacts different types of athletic field paint have on turfgrass photosynthesis and growth, say the scientists.
In a global sports market where field paint application plays a crucial role in the industry, understanding the delicate relationship between latex paints and grass will not only help improve turfgrass health but may also change the properties of paint products themselves.
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The full article is available for no charge for 30 days following the date of this summary. View the abstract at https://www.crops.org/publications/cs/articles/52/5/2375?highlight=.
Crop Science is the flagship journal of the Crop Science Society of America. Original research is peer-reviewed and published in this highly cited journal. It also contains invited review and interpretation articles and perspectives that offer insight and commentary on recent advances in crop science. For more information, visit www.crops.org/publications/cs
The Crop Science Society of America (CSSA), founded in 1955, is an international scientific society comprised of 6,000+ members with its headquarters in Madison, WI. Members advance the discipline of crop science by acquiring and disseminating information about crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology; crop ecology, management, and quality; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazinglands; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; and biomedical and enhanced plants.
CSSA fosters the transfer of knowledge through an array of programs and services, including publications, meetings, career services, and science policy initiatives. For more information, visit www.crops.org
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Athletic field paint steals spotlight from the grass it coversPublic release date: 27-Aug-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Madeline Fisher mfisher@sciencesocieties.org 608-268-3973 American Society of Agronomy
Study investigates the health effects field paints have on the turfgrass they cover
Aug. 27, 2012 Professional athletic field managers maintain trimmed turfgrass with great precision, carefully painting crisp lines and colorful logos on their grass before each game. While these fields appear to be in perfect health, some field managers have noted deteriorating turfgrass beneath repeated paint applications.
New research now suggests why. In a study that appears in the September-October issue of Crop Science, three North Carolina State University researchers found that grasses coated with latex paints show a notable reduction in photosynthesis.
In their study, which was funded by the Center for Turfgrass Research and Environmental Education at NC State University, the researchers prepared 60 pots with sand and peat substrate before seeding each with perennial ryegrass, a grass commonly used on professional football and baseball fields including most NFL and MLB fields. After the grass matured, two different dilutions (no-dilution, and 1:1 dilution with water) of red and white latex paints were applied to the turf samples weekly for six weeks.
To recognize how paint affects turfgrass health, it's important to first understand how paint itself functions. Latex paints consist of four different components: resins, solvents, additives, and pigments. Each has a unique role in the painting process.
Resins act like an adhesive, allowing paint to stick to surfaces. Solvents dilute the paint and help ensure a consistent application thickness. Additives help distribute the pigments, the fourth component, into the liquid paint. Of these ingredients, the scientists say pigments pose the biggest threat to turfgrass.
Pigments are used in paint to ensure a surface is completely coated, and give paint its color by absorbing specific wavelengths of light while reflecting others. This wavelength-selective absorption allows for the wide variety of paint colors that exist today.
However, the NC State researchers suspected the coating of pigment on turfgrass was also damaging the grass by shielding it from the sun and reducing photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). PAR consists of wavelengths of light in the 400 to 700 nm range that plants use in photosynthesis.
The researchers looked at the reflection, transmission, and absorption of PAR in the four different paints, determining that red paint absorbs the highest amounts of PAR. By observing the carbon exchange rates in the painted turfgrass samples, the team also found red paint was more damaging to total canopy photosynthesis (TCP) than white paint, although diluting each color with water reduces their negative effects.
Results from this study further suggest that white paint reflects more PAR in the turfgrass canopy, allowing it to be absorbed by plants for photosynthesis. Over the course of the six-week study, diluted white paint reduced TCP by only 19%. However, the absorption of PAR by red paint eliminates the benefits of PAR reflection by the white and reduces TCP more drastically, the effects worsening as paint applications increase. The no-dilution red paint produced a 75% reduction in TCP by the final application.
The results from this study confirmed pigment's crucial role in the availability of PAR for plant use underneath latex paint. But more research is needed to fully explore the impacts different types of athletic field paint have on turfgrass photosynthesis and growth, say the scientists.
In a global sports market where field paint application plays a crucial role in the industry, understanding the delicate relationship between latex paints and grass will not only help improve turfgrass health but may also change the properties of paint products themselves.
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The full article is available for no charge for 30 days following the date of this summary. View the abstract at https://www.crops.org/publications/cs/articles/52/5/2375?highlight=.
Crop Science is the flagship journal of the Crop Science Society of America. Original research is peer-reviewed and published in this highly cited journal. It also contains invited review and interpretation articles and perspectives that offer insight and commentary on recent advances in crop science. For more information, visit www.crops.org/publications/cs
The Crop Science Society of America (CSSA), founded in 1955, is an international scientific society comprised of 6,000+ members with its headquarters in Madison, WI. Members advance the discipline of crop science by acquiring and disseminating information about crop breeding and genetics; crop physiology; crop ecology, management, and quality; seed physiology, production, and technology; turfgrass science; forage and grazinglands; genomics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology; and biomedical and enhanced plants.
CSSA fosters the transfer of knowledge through an array of programs and services, including publications, meetings, career services, and science policy initiatives. For more information, visit www.crops.org
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JEDDAH, Saudi Arabia (Reuters) - Saudi authorities arrested a group of suspected al Qaeda-linked militants in Riyadh, the Interior Ministry said in a statement on state news agency SPA on Sunday.
"After intense surveillance of the cell it was revealed that they have reached an advanced stage in their plan to implement their goals, which include preparing and setting explosives and testing them outside of Riyadh," the ministry said.
Security forces arrested six members of the cell - all Yemeni nationals - after arresting their leader, a Saudi, and questioning him, the statement said.
The ministry has worked with Western intelligence agencies to foil al Qaeda attacks planned in Yemen, and although a 2003-2006 al Qaeda campaign inside Saudi Arabia was suppressed, the group's regional wing based in Yemen, al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), has sworn to bring down the ruling al-Saud family.
Saudi Arabia has arrested thousands of suspected militants since the 2003-2006 attacks on residential compounds for foreign workers and on Saudi government facilities, killing dozens.
The United States has poured aid into Yemen to stem the threat of attacks from AQAP and to try to prevent any spillover of violence into Saudi Arabia, the world's top oil exporter.
In 2006 and 2008 security forces foiled planned attacks by militants against oil installations in its Eastern Province.
The latest arrests and investigation had also revealed a connection with a militant cell in Jeddah and led to the arrest of one of its members, a Saudi, who is accused of preparing chemicals to be used in explosive devices, the ministry said.
The last attempted attack in Saudi Arabia that was made public was a 2010 attempt to assassinate Prince Mohammed bin Nayef, the assistant Interior Minister and head of the security service.
(Reporting by Asma Alsharif; Editing by Louise Ireland and Angus McDowall)
German media report that Chancellor Angela Merkel's government wants a new treaty aimed at deepening political integration among the European Union's 27 members.
Respected news weekly Der Spiegel reported on its website late Saturday that German diplomats have indicated Merkel wants European leaders to start work on the treaty at a summit in December.
Merkel's office didn't immediately respond to requests for comment Sunday.
Der Spiegel says the treaty could include provisions such as giving the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg power to monitor the budgets of member states and punish those who exceed deficit limits.
Merkel has repeatedly said closer political integration is needed to balance the deepening economic integration of EU member states resulting from measures to solve the eurozone crisis.
With the current debate about gay marriage there has been a lot of discussion about the ?validity? and ?strength? of ?gay relationships.
Much like in the straight world there are all sorts of relationships. Gay relationships range ?from people who are perpetually dating, serial?monogamy, right through to couples that have been together for many years, each year getting stronger and happier.
I have been very fortunate to have my wonderful partner with whom I have shared more the 12 wonderful years. Given how crazy life can get at times it?s such a wonderful support knowing I have Nick there with me, our mutual love strong for each other.
Recently I came across a post by?Dr. Brian Rzepczynski who talked about some of the elements commonly found in strong gay relationships. Today I wanted to share some of the points made in his post: Top Ten Qualities Of Gay Super Couples. I found there were many thoughts that resonated with me and I hope they may for ?you as well.
They share compatible interests and philosophies of life.
They openly communicate with each other and stay engaged in each other?s lives.
They manage conflict productively.
They have a balanced lifestyle comprised of both individual and couple identities.
They have fun with life and try not to take things so seriously.
?
These are just the first five areas discussed by Dr Rzepczynski and I whole heartedly agree. By far the most important factors I have seen in ?strong, long lasting gay relationships, or any relationship for that matter are common interests, respect and care for individual identity and being able to deal with conflict in a way that is supportive and caring.
It?s not always easy but the outcomes are amazing?
Guys, what are your thoughts about key elements to making a strong relationship?
Dr George
About George Forgan-Smith
Dr George Forgan-Smith is a family doctor based in Melbourne Australia. He has a passion for men's health, writing and education. When he is not at his computer is he out and about with his two crazy German Shepherds.
After dropping a diss song targeting Diddy, Shyne continued his attack on Twitter. Earlier this year, Shyne and Diddy met up in Paris and announced their reconciliation. Then this week, Shyne dropped a diss song after he claimed that Diddy reneged on recent promises he made. Shyne wrote via Twitter on Wednesday night (August 22nd), ?How can I forgive someone who has no remorse? I saved @iamdiddy life! I gave @iamdiddy life! His head was on the plate. But I pardoned him! But the only think this creep understands is fear. He likes to play Russian roulette ! How do you repay someone who saved your life? If I was creep would?ve hung himself in a prison cell! Ten years! Ten years! Ten years! I sat for a decade.?
He continued, ?While homes was living his life in St. Barts, I was in hell because he told on me! How can someone be worth a half a billion dollars & not take care of the guy that saved his life? Anthony Wolf [Diddy's bodyguard who was killed] is the reason @iamdiddy is alive, But Anthony Wolf Jones? moms is struggling in the projects with no support from @iamdiddy. Anthony Wolf Jones kids ain?t got no trust fund! But if it wasn?t for Wolf @iamdiddy would be buried. Disloyal ungrateful bootlegger! That?s that ish I don?t like! A disloyal ungrateful bootlegger! That?s that ish I don?t like!?
He then added, ?I know for a fact @iamdiddy went to the U.S government to make sure I was deported! Money & power mean nothing to me! Honor morals & ethics are everything! A man is not measured by his money! Rather a man is measured by how he uses his money to better the lives of the sufferers! When I spoke to @iamdiddy he told me he was sorry for everything he did & he would spend the rest of his life correcting his mistake. Ask Anthony wolf daughter @WHYhateASH_K_ how she feel about @iamdiddy.?
He returned to Twitter on Thursday morning (August 23rd), calling Diddy a rat and saying that he needs help.
WATERBURY, Vt. (AP) ? The head of the United States Environmental Protection Agency says some of the pollution control practices developed for Vermont's Ben & Jerry's ice cream plants could serve as a model for other businesses.
EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson visited the company's Waterbury factory Friday where she was given an overview of the company's businesses practices, a tour of the plant and then samples of Ben & Jerry's ice cream.
Jackson says one of the reasons she visited Vermont is because it's a state that has made a commitment to a green economy and sees it as important to its future.
She says Ben & Jerry's thinks about sustainability throughout its supply chain and educates its customers about where their food comes from and how to ensure it's safe.
TAMPA (Reuters) - Republicans will delay the start of business at their national convention in Tampa by one day due to Tropical Storm Isaac, the Republican National Committee chairman said on Saturday.
Chairman Reince Priebus said in a statement that the convention would convene on Monday as scheduled but then immediately recess until Tuesday afternoon.
The convention is due to formally nominate Mitt Romney and Paul Ryan as presidential and vice presidential candidates to challenge Democratic President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden in the November 6 election.
"Due to the severe weather reports for the Tampa Bay area, the Republican National Convention is going to convene on Monday August 27th and then immediately recess until Tuesday afternoon, August 28th," Priebus told reporters in a telephone briefing.
"The Republican convention is going to take place," he said, adding that party officials were working with Florida state officials and emergency management to make sure they ensure the safety of everyone attending the convention.
A representative from the Romney campaign said they would adjust times and try to fit in as many speakers as possible in three days instead of the planned four-day event.
The convention will bring 50,000 visitors to the Tampa-St. Petersburg area, home to well over 4 million people. But local authorities say they can handle the crowds and the approaching storm.
Many attendees booked earlier flights to be in place before any bad weather. Hotels said they were ready to shift party schedules or move outdoor events indoors.
The last Republican convention, in St. Paul, Minnesota, in 2008 was also delayed by a day due to a storm. That year, Hurricane Gustav hit the Louisiana coast as the convention was set to get under way.
The party, still reeling from criticism of Republican President George W. Bush's handling of devastating Hurricane Katrina in 2005, rushed to delay the meeting out of respect for Gustav's victims.
(Reporting by Deborah Charles; editing by Christopher Wilson)
As mobile technology advances, so does the art of networking and ex??changing contact infor??mation. New mobile apps allow business professionals the opportunity to obtain and organize their business contacts like never before.? Some good apps to try: (Note: Most are for iPhone and Android.)
1. ScanBizCards. For those people who are attached to their business cards, this handy app scans your businesses cards and automatically translates the information to a digital contact, letting you edit the information and add more.
2. Bump. Just lightly touch two ?bump? devices and?zap!?you can share contact information, pictures and even connections on Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter. This works with both iPhones and Android devices.
3.? My Name is E. This virtual business card uses a bump-like feature to connect phones. For people not using a compatible device, simply send them an email. Extra bonus: This app adds location tagging so you can see exactly where you met someone. This is a very nice added feature for the business traveler.
4. Contacts Journal (iPhone). Keeping track of your contacts is simple and easy with this app. Make detailed notes on interactions, meetings, calls, emails and even a helpful to-do list for each contact. This is a must for the networking professional.
5. Go Contacts (Android). This app lets you create groups, merge contacts in bulk, quickly search contacts, back up and recover contacts and even offers options to enhance the appearance of dialer interface.
Kimberly Deas combines her 10+ years? experience in telecommunications with a background in personal coaching and results-oriented training.
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Internet and Technology | Computers and Technology | * Written by Brainwork India | Thursday, 23 August 2012 00:55 | Word Count: 508
The development of satellite technology has surprised every nation. This enhancement can be easily implemented to any given kind of communication services. The broadcasters of television and radios use the transponder leasing service and allow people to enjoy watching and listening to their favorite channels.
The development of satellite technology has surprised every nation. This enhancement can be easily implemented to any given kind of communication services. The broadcasters of television and radios use the transponder leasing service and allow people to enjoy watching and listening to their favorite channels. This is really a miracle because a person sitting comfortable in one part of the world can watch to listen to the programs of some other country. Businesses operating satellites companies lease or sell out the satellite access to firms that are involved in the telecommunications or data transmission services as per the requirement of the clients.
The advent of such high end technologies has various applications such as wired and wireless telecommunications to various distant places, creating internet backbone links, effective private networks and data transfer. The provision for international private leased line is also made possible through this service. The companies are highly popular in serving both the national and the international clients. They have a team of highly skilled and qualified professional that lead the management team and solve the problems that arise. They provide complete range of ku band satellite system uninterrupted solutions. The requirement of the satellite broadcasting system is rising day by day and these companies are taking every stand in providing the solutions.
There is a lot of competition between the satellite broadcasters to provide the best and optimum service to the clients. Hi-tech developments have led their hands in various areas to make the work done swiftly. The communication technology with the help of high end satellite service have expanded the world over and reached the clients residing in various parts of the world. In order to watch channels on the Hotbird Satellite, equipments needed are a digital satellite receiver connected to a satellite dish with a minimum size. The service providers work with their partners to design and execute a consistent, cost effective, flexible solution that can boost business goals.
Satellite transmission and the broadcasters are one big family that is on a constant run in order to provide high end and optimum services to the clients. The transponder leasing service is ideal for clientele who require an uninterrupted bandwidth connection. Such services are available in various bands, are available in different parts of the world, flexible, easy to use, and they provide coverage in areas inaccessible by terrestrial links. The transmission through such services reach quickly and a clients can grow their business with broader network horizons.
The author is an experienced Content writer and publisher for Business Development. Visit at http://www.bssteleport.com/ to know more about ku band satellite system, Transponder leasing.
Speaking of Epic Unreal 3 powered games, Gameloft has recently shared the first look Wild Blood, their God of War-style action adventure title coming soon to the iPhone and iPad. You're Lancelot, you've bedded Queen Guinevere, and you've driven King Arthur so mad with jealous rage he's partnered with his insane half-sister, Morgana, to reap bloody, demon-fueled vengeance on you -- and all of Albion with you. VentureBeat got an early preview:
As one of the knights of the fabled Round Table, Lancelot naturally comes with a bevy of weapons and special abilities. Though you?ll start out with just one giant sword, your arsenal increases as you earn experience points; in the demo (shown on an iPad 3), a leveled up Lancelot dual-wields a pair of magical axes and shoots enemies from afar with his bow.
Combat leans toward a simple combo system that feels very responsive and smooth as Lancelot dodges and rolles his way through a large group (around a dozen or so) of demons. In a matter of seconds, these creatures became nothing more than a fine bloody mist.
Hopefully that means Excalibur makes an appearance, and cuts the realm in quarters. I really enjoyed God of War, and I've really enjoyed the relentless pace Gameloft has set for mobile gaming in general, and iOS in specific.
Anyone else eagerly anticipating pulling this sword form the App Store stone just as soon as inhumanly possible?
ScienceDaily (Aug. 22, 2012) ? A study from the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, published August 22 online by PLoS ONE, reports that muscle problems reported by patients taking statins were related to the strength or potency of the given cholesterol-lowering drugs.
Adverse effects such as muscle pain and weakness, reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) were related to a statin's potency, or the degree by which it typically lowers cholesterol at commonly prescribed doses.
"These findings underscore that stronger statins bear higher risk -- and should be used with greater caution and circumspection," said investigator Beatrice Golomb, MD, PhD, professor in the Departments of Medicine and Family and Preventive Medicine at the University of California, San Diego.
Golomb teamed up with researchers from California-based AdverseEvents, Inc., using the company's software platform to conduct a detailed examination of statin side-effect data from the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS). The study analyzed muscle-related adverse events linked to each of the major statin drugs in total of 147,789 AERS reports, gathered between July 2005 and March 2011.
Looking at the most commonly used statins -- both brand names and, when available, generic forms of the drugs -- rosuvastatin, the strongest statin, had the highest rates of reported problems. This was followed by atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, and lovastatin.
"These rankings closely match the individual potencies of each statin. Thus, the strength of the statin drug appears to be a dominant factor in determining how likely muscle problems are to occur," said Golomb, who directs the Statin Adverse Effects Study at UC San Diego.
Rates were determined for each statin by tallying reports of muscle side effects, standardized to the number of prescriptions filled for that drug. This was done for individual muscle side effects, as well as for side effects overall.
Some experts have maintained that rosuvastatin, the strongest statin, should have superior safety, because it is less fat soluble, and was thereby assumed not to penetrate into muscle cells as much as other statins. In addition, rosuvastatin is not cleared by common drug-clearance pathways that are sometimes involved in adverse drug interactions.
"The FDA AERS data analyzed in this study, however, suggests that the higher potency of rosuvastatin may more than offset any safety advantages due to such factors," Golomb said. She added that pooled analysis of statin studies in patients with stable heart disease do not indicate that higher strength statins result in a lower death rate. Therefore, "evidence showing that stronger statins may pose a greater risk of side effects is particularly important."
"Post-marketed studies utilizing AERS data are becoming increasingly important to understand the lasting side effect risks of widely used medications in disparate populations. Until recently, conducting such studies has been difficult due to the fractured and inaccessible nature of the FDA's raw data," said Brian Overstreet, CEO of AdverseEvents. The study utilized the company's unique data sourcing method called RxFilter?, which analyzed more than 140,000 AERS case reports filed with FDA over a six-year time period.
Statins are among the most widely taken prescription medications in the world, with over 30 million users in the United States alone and $19 billion in domestic sales. They are prescribed to lower cholesterol, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Their use has been linked to a variety of muscle-related side effects (together termed "statin myopathy") that occur in as many as 10 to 15 percent of all statin users. These include commonly reported problems such as pain and weakness, as well as life-threatening muscle breakdown, known as rhabdomyolysis. Statin myopathies can significantly increase pain and injury risk and affect mobility, especially in older individuals.
"Only a fraction of adverse effects are reported to the FDA, and a range of factors can influence reporting rates and accuracy of this information," Golomb said. "However, findings from this study align with -- and extend -- other forms of evidence."
For instance, an earlier study from Golomb's group at UC San Diego showed that patients with muscle problems related to statins often found relief from symptoms after stopping one statin. However, muscle pain or weakness consistently redeveloped if the patient was then placed on a higher potency statin, while patients placed on a lower potency statin had significantly lower risk of recurrence.
"Our findings suggest that individual statin potency is a critical determinant of how likely a statin is to cause problems," Golomb concluded. "This information should help guide prescribing decisions for statins by offering more information on the risk-benefit profile of the class. It should also be important for guiding decisions about statin selection and use after a patient has experienced a muscle-related adverse event."
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - San Diego, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
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Journal Reference:
Keith B. Hoffman, Christina Kraus, Mo Dimbil, Beatrice A. Golomb. A Survey of the FDA's AERS Database Regarding Muscle and Tendon Adverse Events Linked to the Statin Drug Class. PLoS ONE, 2012; 7 (8): e42866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042866
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Public release date: 27-Aug-2012
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After dropping a diss song targeting Diddy, Shyne continued his attack on Twitter. Earlier this year, Shyne and Diddy met up in Paris and announced their reconciliation. Then this week, Shyne dropped a diss song after he claimed that Diddy reneged on recent promises he made. Shyne wrote via Twitter on Wednesday night (August 22nd), ?How can I forgive someone who has no remorse? I saved @iamdiddy life! I gave @iamdiddy life! His head was on the plate. But I pardoned him! But the only think this creep understands is fear. He likes to play Russian roulette ! How do you repay someone who saved your life? If I was creep would?ve hung himself in a prison cell! Ten years! Ten years! Ten years! I sat for a decade.?
As mobile technology advances, so does the art of networking and ex??changing contact infor??mation. New mobile apps allow business professionals the opportunity to obtain and organize their business contacts like never before.? Some good apps to try: (Note: Most are for iPhone and Android.)
